Artificial intelligence is reshaping the digital world, but security experts warn that the same technology is also creating fresh opportunities for extremist organisations. Instead of relying on physical training camps and cross border movement, terror networks are increasingly using online platforms to spread propaganda, identify vulnerable individuals and communicate through encrypted services. For countries like India, where millions spend hours online every day, the threat is becoming more digital than ever before.
AI and Online Radicalisation Raise Concerns
Generative AI allows extremist groups to produce videos, audio clips, posters and messages in multiple languages within minutes. Security experts say deepfake technology and AI generated identities can also make fake content appear more convincing, making recruitment efforts harder to detect. Instead of sending the same message to everyone, AI enables personalised communication that keeps potential recruits engaged through social media and encrypted messaging platforms.
India Focuses on Digital Security:
Investigations and international studies indicate that some extremist groups have explored AI chatbots to gather technical information and improve planning. Experts say these organisations often move between different AI tools while attempting to bypass safety protections built into them. Although AI itself does not hold beliefs or become radical, it can be exploited by those seeking to spread violence.
Recognising the growing challenge, Indian security agencies have strengthened cyber monitoring and intelligence sharing to identify online radicalisation at an early stage. National Security Adviser Ajit Doval recently highlighted that rapid technological advances are creating new multidomain security threats requiring closer regional cooperation. As terrorism increasingly shifts into the digital space, experts believe cybersecurity, online awareness and early intervention will play a crucial role in protecting national security.
